Marketing Paper Final Exam Essay

Last Paper Marketing incorporates the mind boggling pattern of each phase of an item, from origination to the last deal and everything in the middle. Advertisers are tested with recognizing the shoppers needs/needs and dealing with the procedure to address those issues. Each item an advertiser creates experiences four phases throughout its life, The Product Life Cycle. Each phase of the item life cycle (Introduction, Growth, Maturity, and Decline) have exceptional qualities that an advertiser faces as they make utility and attempt to keep up or develop their piece of the overall industry. Through each stage promoting is basic and advertisers attempt to advise, convince and remind shoppers about their item. The thing that matters is the methodology and focal point of the publicizing. Each item that comes to advertise goes into the Introduction Stage. This is where buyers are first acquainted with the item. â€Å"During the initial phase of the item life cycle, a firm attempts to animate interest for the new market passage. † (Boone and Kurtz, 2006, p. 371) An advertiser must interface with customers to make a business opportunity for the new item. Consistently several new items enter the early on stage. As of now an item that is simply starting to grab hold is top quality TVs (HDTVs). HDTVs communicate pictures with expanded lucidity and give the watcher (shopper) alternatives on camera points and extra data. Right now, â€Å"Yankee Group appraises that 15 percent of American families currently own (a HDTV), with Forrester evaluating 10 percent probably. † (Crawford, 2005) During the basic stage, advertisers are attempting to acquaint the item with customers. One of the manners in which advertisers succeed is in offering advancements or limits to wholesalers to get the item in the commercial center. A large portion of the promoting centers around educating general society about the new item. While data is critical, promoters likewise attempt to convince buyers to buy the item and periodically remind shoppers where they can discover the item. The Introductory stage is the place all items start. It is in this beginning time that items are refined dependent on buyer and dispersion criticism. Customarily the quantities of advertisers are negligible in the initial stage as the market is being created. As an item discovers its market and starts to pick up acknowledgment, it moves into the Growth Stage of the item life cycle. The development stage is the place an item observes its business volumes increment drastically. At this phase in the product’s life, â€Å"new clients make starting buys and early purchasers repurchase. † (Boone and Kurtz, 2006, p. 372) Early advertisers find expanded rivalry as their rivals enter the item space to partake in the benefits. Satellite TV has gone into the development showcase with the coming of the little dish. Early satellite TV was essentially constrained to provincial zones that were distant to digital TV. The dishes were enormous and ugly. As the innovation has propels and the satellite dish has contracted to less then twenty-four inches, buyers have hurried to the choice to digital TV. Satellite TV advertisers are proceeding to refine their item in this development stage. As of late, the best two suppliers of satellite TV marked arrangements to give moderate fast web access. â€Å"For satellite-TV suppliers, the administration is another approach to offer a full line of items. † (AP, 2006) The development stage is the place advertisers move from a substantial spotlight on data in promoting to an increasingly convincing methodology. The convincing methodology permits the advertisers to separate from contenders and urge people to not be deserted. On the off chance that the item space pulls in numerous advertisers, estimating, highlights and different differentiators are utilized in the promoting to assist advertisers with picking up or keep up piece of the overall industry. The Growth Stage of the item life cycle is mind boggling and evolving. Advertisers depend on verbal, mass publicizing and falling costs to continue the energy and enthusiasm for the item. The objective of the development stage is to get hesitant purchasers to purchase and current clients to repurchase. As an item develops and development settles, the item moves in the Maturity Stage. Deals start to level and flexibly surpasses interest without precedent for the items life cycle. Contending advertisers have overwhelmed the field and benefits start to get discouraged. These components make pressure on advertisers to proceed with their brands maintainability. Carbonated soda pops are an extremely full grown item. As per the American Beverage Association (ABA) the beginnings of the cutting edge soft drink began in the 1830’s. (ABA, 2006) The ABA gauges that there are more than 450 brands in the item space. The quantity of brands makes savage rivalry for American’s 65 billion in yearly buys. Adverting in the develop phase of a product’s life is tied in with expanding buys, separating your image and finding new uses or markets for the item. In the soda pop space advertisers attempt big name supports and item separation. 7-UP is â€Å"the un-cola†, attempting to draw its differentiation among progressively famous cola brands. Whatever approach the advertiser takes in publicizing, the objective is to expand the development arrange and keep up benefits for whatever length of time that conceivable. An item in the develop phase of the item life cycle doesn't show inevitable death. As showed above, soda pops keep on directing consumer’s dollars. Advertisers will frequently look to new markets and changes in the item to broaden the life of the item. Perhaps the biggest battle for develop items is keeping up benefits as rivalry drives down costs. As the item leaves development it enters the Decline Stage in the Product life cycle. An items decrease is regularly connected to new advances. Advertisers center around reminding the rest of the clients in the market that they are there for the consumer’s needs. Deals decrease, benefits decay and the item space in the end looses cash. VCRs are an item on the decrease in the United States. With the development of DVDs and the decrease in cost of DVRs, VCRs are loosing rack space and piece of the pie. Advertisers in many cases scan for new markets as items decrease in their current markets. So while the United States and Europe may progress to another innovation, rising economies may grasp the â€Å"older† and less expensive innovation, accordingly expanding the items life. Publicizing an item in the phase of decay centers around reminding the rest of the buyer base the item despite everything exists.

Hemingway’s Writing Style Essay Essays

Hemingway’s Writing Style Essay Essays Hemingway’s Writing Style Essay Hemingway’s Writing Style Essay From about the start of his making calling. Hemingway’s run of the mill way occasioned an incredible exchange of comment and dispute. Fundamentally. his way is basic. direct. furthermore, undecorated. likely as a result of his initial paper arrangement. He maintains a strategic distance from the descriptive at whatever point conceivable. but since he is a maestro at passing on feeling without the elegant writing of his Victorian author antecedents. the outcome is unquestionably additionally uncovering. In Observations on the Style of Ernest Hemingway. from â€Å"Contexts of Criticism† by Harry Levin ( Harvard University Press. 1957 ) . the pundit says: â€Å"Hemingway puts his inflection on things on the grounds that. among different pieces of address. they come nearest to things. Leading them on by offices of concurrences. he approximates the existent progression of experience. † Hemingway has habitually been portrayed as a maestro of duologue. furthermore, most perusers concur. after being first acquainted with his origin. that â€Å"this is the way these characters would really talk. † It is fascinating to watch. by and by. that Hemingway’s one exertion at playwriting was a disappointment. In reality. an examination of his duologue will reveal this is only here and there the way individuals really talk. The outcome is practiced. by the conscious highlight and rehash which causes us to recover what has been said. Since the pundits can non entirely hang on Hemingway’s way. conceivably the best way is to set it into the author’s ain words. In no time before his deplorable expire. Hemingway provided for the Wisdom Foundation in California a conglomeration of his perceptions on life and craftsmanship. love and perish. They were distributed in the January 1963. issue of Playboy magazine. furthermore, in them Hemingway said of his creation: I do the majority of my work in my caput. I neer start to create until my musings are all together. Regularly I present advances of duologue as it is being composed ; the ear is a decent edit. I neer set down a sentence on paper until I have it so communicated that it will be obvious to anybody. However. I at times imagine that my way is implicative rather than direct. The peruser should every now and again use his creativity or lose the most slippery part of my thoughts. I take extraordinary strivings with my work. pruning and reexamining with a tireless manus. I have the open help of my innovative exercises extremely much at chest. I cut them with limitless consideration. also, buff them until they become brilliants. What numerous another creator would be substance to go forward in solid extents. I clean into a peewee treasure. Hemingway goes on at some length. in any case, the bit of what he says might be in this section: A writer’s way ought to be immediate and individual. his creative mind rich and rough. also, his words straightforward and fiery. The best creators have the endowment of heavenly curtness. are troublesome laborers. tireless bookmans and able beauticians. To elucidate Hemingway’s way enough in a couple of sections is incomprehensible. Tonss of articles. furthermore, even a few books. have been composed on the theme. also, it is to these that the genuine student should go for extra. progressively detailed data.

Rutledge, John

Rutledge, John Rutledge, John, 1739â€"1800, American jurist and political leader, 2d chief justice of the United States, b. Charleston, S.C.; brother of Edward Rutledge . After studying law in London he began practice in Charleston, S.C., in 1761. He rose to prominence when quite young, was a member (1762) of the provincial assembly, attorney general of South Carolina (1764â€"65), and a delegate (1765) to the Stamp Act Congress. He twice (1774â€"76, 1782â€"83) was a member of the Continental Congress and meanwhile held strong sway as president (1776â€"78) of his state and later (1779â€"82) as governor. As delegate (1787) to the Constitutional Convention, Rutledge played an important role in the drafting of the U.S. Constitution, and then (1788) was a member of the state ratifying convention. After serving (1789â€"91) as associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court he was chief justice of South Carolina. In July, 1795, he was appointed interim chief justice of the United States and presided at the August term of the Supreme Court, but the Senate (Dec., 1795) refused to confirm the appointment because of his bitter attacks on Jay's Treaty . See biography by R. H. Barry (1942, repr. 1971). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Academic Expert - 1298 Words

Lit Knowledge and Evil Knowledge offers the individual who attains it the capacity to differentiate between evil and good or wrong and right. Therefore, must we disregard the likelihood that it may not in fact be knowledge, but rather the decisions we settle for subsequent to its attainment that brings about demise of individuals? The paper will try to examine the viewpoints of two writers, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare, concerning the subject of knowledge probably being a downfall as they have inferred in their own plays, Doctor Faustus and Hamlet respectively. Amusingly, the chief persona of both†¦show more content†¦If we consider the topic of knowledge from a theological viewpoint, it appears that the heavens do not deny individuals with knowledge absolutely, but instead establish a boundary to it. Eve and Adam did not appear to be completely uninformed before ingesting the prohibited fruit. Therefore, as Faustus becomes conceited of his broad knowledge, his demise is determined upon by the heavens nearly as if he now symbolizes a menace: Till, swollen with cunning of a self-conceit, His waxen wings did mount above his reach, And, melting, heavens conspird his overthrow†¦ (Marlowe, 2001, Prologue 20-22). As of a moralistic approach, Faustus attitude can be compared to that of contemporary day scientists who set no boundaries to their experimentations and attempt to be God. Conversely, this last similarity does not actually relate to the character Hamlet, Hamlet the play concurs with Doctor Faustus in that Hamlet emerges in the play as a scholar. In short, it is supposed that he already owns a immense deal of knowledge, but it appears he is short of the knowledge the occurrences in Denmark whilst he was gone. He is deficient in the knowledge of his fathers execution and about the killer. Then it appears that the heavens plot against Hamlet too. Each time his fathers spirit tries to elucidate these subjects, the sun ascends, and the spirit has to depart: Ghost: But soft, me thinks I scent the morning air; Brief let me be†¦ The glow-wormShow MoreRelatedThe Performance Rate Of The Pupils After The Cooperative Learning Approach1355 Words   |  6 Pagescommonly utilized teaching strategies. Elliot Aronson (1978) developed the jigsaw method. In this method students are assigned to a multi-member teams to work on a certain academic tasks. They are divided into sections wherein each member of the group is assigned to do a certain task and become an expert. Experts are then assigned to expert groups in which the members of the group discuss the information and decide on the best way to present the material to members of their home teams. After the studentsRead MoreCourt Case Analysis894 Words   |  4 Pagesmore than one expert giving opinion evidence, it is very common that those opinions are different. As it takes place in this coursework case. This disagreement may be based on differences in theoretical foundations, analyses of data, different approach to the problem or simply, due to one of the experts manipulating with evidence on behalf of one of the sides. What is more, the complexity of the legal system is very complex and can also fuel this perception. For example, when an expert is not awareRead MoreForensics Examiner and Digital Evidence in Nigeria2111 Words   |  9 PagesADMISSIBILITY OF THE OPINION OF A COMPUTER FORENSICS EXAMINER AS AN EXPERT EVIDENCE UNDER NIGERIAN LAW OF EVIDENCE By Philip O Nwachukwu As a general rule under Nigerian law of Evidence, the opinion evidence is irrelevant in court trials. Thus section 66 of the Evidence Act CAP E14, Laws of the. Federation of Nigeria (LFN), 2004 provides that the fact that any person is of the opinion that a fact in issue, or relevant to the issue, does or does not exist, is irrelevant to the existence of such factRead MoreFuzzy Based Automated System For Predicting Viral Infections1505 Words   |  7 Pagesutilizations in industrial manufacturing, automobile production, banks, hospitals and academic education. The main aim is to construct a control system that will provide good transient and steady state reply of the system. Fuzzy logic develops into a standard technology and is also applied in data and sensor signal analysis. Fuzzy logic has verified to be a powerful tool for decision-making systems, such as expert systems and pattern classification systems. Dr. Zadeh was working on the difficulty ofRead MoreForensic Psychology : C riminal Investigation And The Law2261 Words   |  10 Pagesoccasionally take on cases where I do risk assessments to assist in determining the likelihood someone will reoffend.† Julie’s case is only part time but full time is a different case. â€Å"The most important duty of a forensic psychologist is to act as an expert witness† (QuinStreet Inc, 2014). A vast part of the field requires testifying in court. The ability to take their findings and present them in a way that will be understood in the court setting is a major part of any forensic psychologist’s day. OneRead MoreChinese Construction Firms And The International Market4181 Words   |  17 Pagesit is necessary to establish a model to analyse and improve Chinese construction firms? international competitiveness. A three rounds Modified-Delphi interview was ere conducted with 15 Chinese construction industry?s experts; , the iterations of the Delphi exercise allowed the experts to modify the weighting of the KCIs and predict them beyond their own subjective opinions; which facilitated to establishthe establishment of an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model with the KCIs that may can improveRead MoreAcademic Discourse Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagescommunity is as yet undefined; it does however require a set of specific characteristics, which allow the term to be narrowed until the point when many competing notions are eliminated. It is more a set of ideas, relating to the world of research and academic writing. There are many uncertainties surrounding the qualities and characteristics of a discourse community, many of which rise from a lack of definition. The following research is aimed at reducing confusion by identifying complex ideas and breakingRead MoreThe Department of Psychology at State University1668 Words   |  7 Pages The psychology department of State University is considered an academic discourse community. They have a stated purpose, requirements for membership, and exercise intercommunication techniques. Furthermore, they have shared common knowledge that they use to advance their discipline and attract new members. Eleanor Kutz, a leading expert in the field of language and literacy, argues that academic discourse communities differ from informal ones in the critical area of assumed shared knowledge. Read MoreScholarly Bibliography On Scholarly Journals Essay866 Words   |  4 Pagesthe process of subjecting an author’s scholarly manuscript to the scrutiny of others who are experts and working in the same field (Ware 2013). Scholarly/academic journal Scholarly journal, also called as academic/scientific/refereed journal or very often peer-reviewed journal, is a peer-reviewed/refereed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Academic journals serve as forums for the introduction and presentation for scrutiny of new research,Read MoreThe Different Types Of Academic Journals825 Words   |  4 Pages An academic journal is a peer-reviewed article that is published periodically which is related to a certain academic discipline. It is basically research from an individual or a group targeting a topic to inform people/critique someone else’s research. The different types of academic journals are: Communication Research, which is research in a variety of fields, Journal of Applied Communication Research, which is research in workplace and other settings, Critical Studies in Media Communication

The Relationship Between Petruchio and Katherina in the...

An analysis of the relationship between Petruchio and Katherina throughout the play The Taming Of The Shrew Introduction: The Taming Of The Shrew is a comic play based around a town in Italy called Padua. In my view, the play is mainly centred round the relationship of Petruchio and Katherina. Petruchio, a young, ambitious and (it could be said) ravenous man has his heart set on locating a young and beautiful women with a wealthy background to be his wife. The fact that he will only be interested in the women for her money is indicated several times before the meeting of Petruchio and Katherina. P: I come to wive it wealthily in Padua; If wealthily, then happily in Padua. P: Signor Hortensio, twixt such friends as†¦show more content†¦No mates for you Unless you were of gentler, milder mould. K: Ifaith, sir, you shall never need to fear; Iwis it is not halfway to her heart. But if it were, doubt not her care should be To comb your noddle with a three-legged stool, And paint your face, and use you as a fool. Katherina shows that she is in fact angered and upset by the willingness of the suitors of the town to turn to her sister when she is the older of the two, and she should be married before her. She turns her anger to violence directed at Bianca as shown in the beginning of Act 2 Scene 1, shortly before the meeting of Petruchio and Katherina. K: O, then belike you fancy riches more: You will have Gremio to keep you fair. B: Is it for him you do envy me so? Nay then you jest, and now I well perceive You have but jested with me all this while. I prithee, sister Kate, untie my hands. K: [Striking her] If that be jest, then all the rest was so. These representations of the characters I will analyse have shown that the characters have very similar personalities and are prone to violence. Especially when it comes to lack of love. This will change in a drastic way as I investigate the play. Petruchio will prevail and Katherina will be tamed. Act 2 Scene 1: The Meeting When Petruchio is alone before the first meeting, he shares with the audience his proposal to woo Kate, using a soliloquy. This opens the audienceShow MoreRelatedThe Power of Love in 10 Things I Hate About You and Taming of the Shrew1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe Power of Love in 10 Things I Hate About You and Taming of the Shrew The Power of Love is portrayed in various themes throughout both. Some of which depict superficial love, motivation by money and love-at-first-sight. These ideas can be contrasted and compared between the 1500 Elizabethan time of Shakespeares play The Taming of the Shrew and the present contemporary period of teenage movie 10 Thing IRead MoreTaming Of The Shrew Comparison934 Words   |  4 PagesComparative Essay The Taming of the Shrew and 10 things I Hate About You The Taming of the Shrew was written by William Shakespeare in 1593. It describes the life of Katherina, the difficult older sister who few people were willing to marry, and her younger sister Bianca, with her many suitors lining up to marry her. The play was later adapted into a movie in 1999 by Touchstone Pictures which was named 10 Things I Hate About You. 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The portrayal of a deep understanding, which exists in an analogical relationship and the gentle transformation, which occursRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew as a Comedy Essay2463 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew as a Comedy The Taming of the Shrew, written by William Shakespeare between 1589 and 1594, is a romantic comedy set in the Italian city of Padua. Since the play was written, the audiences idea of comedy has changed quite dramatically. In the fifteen hundreds, an audience would have enjoyed obvious, visual aspects of comedy such as we would see in a modern-day pantomime, whereas an audience watching the play today would also Read MoreThe Presentation of Petruchio by Shakespeare in The Taming of the Shrew2524 Words   |  11 PagesThe Presentation of Petruchio by Shakespeare in The Taming of the Shrew In addition to being the title of one of Shakespeares earliest comedies, The Taming of the Shrew was also the self appointed role and paramount purpose of one of its main characters, Petruchio. Shakespeare presents this central character in a variety of ways and care must be taken so that early unfavourable impressions of Petruchio may not be misleading. What did Shakespeare want his audience to think Read More10 Things I Hate About You Taming of the Shrew: Appropriation1376 Words   |  6 Pages10 Things I Hate About You The Taming of the Shrew The historical and cultural contexts of Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew (TTS) and the 1999 film 10 Things I Hate About You (10TIH) differ exceptionally, resulting in the film’s expression of values unlike those expressed in Shakespeare’s original text. Shakespeare’s play was written during the Elizabethan era, during which the belief that men were superior to women was prevalent. This concept is centralised in TTS, through incorporationRead MoreTaming of the Shrew and Oleanna: Women Supersede Essay2517 Words   |  11 Pagesgender roles have been challenged and refined over the course of the twentieth century, main characters, Katherina from â€Å"Taming of the Shrew†, and Carol in â€Å"Oleanna†, nonetheless portray the exceptions or even the extremes, of feminine independence and superiority to the norm of patriarchy within not only the household, but within society as well (Traversi 96). In both the â€Å"Taming of the Shrew† by William Shakespeare, and â€Å"Oleanna† by David Mamet, the authors write their female characters to have

The Revolution of 1917 Rights of the Republic Free Essays

Before the Mexican Revolution, Mexico was technically a republic as it is today, but by the time of the revolution, it was a republic in name only. In the mid-1860s, Mexico fought back against the French colonial overlords and established the country for itself, but the plan only partially succeeded.   Over the next decade, grassroots efforts across the country began to bring equality to Mexico, but instead they delivered the country into the hands of an elected dictator. We will write a custom essay sample on The Revolution of 1917: Rights of the Republic or any similar topic only for you Order Now    In 1876, Porfirio Diaz overthrew the sitting president, forcing him to flee the country and Diaz was named president. Once he had the position, he refused to relinquish it, crushing any who dared to oppose him. For the Mexican ruling class, the period known as Porfiriato was a time of prosperity and peace. There was enormous foreign investment in Mexico and the country was developed from a largely rural economy to a modernized, industrial nation.   Then in 1910, despite Diaz efforts to destroy any opposition Francisco Madero, an academic from one the haciendas of northern Mexico, ran against Diaz. He was immediately jailed by the president and the peasants, sick of being mistreated y the Republic, galvanized behind Madero. The election fraud that had kept Diaz in office was so extreme that officially Madero received only a few hundred votes nationally. Madero worked with church leaders in San Luis Potosi to develop a plan calling on the people of Mexico to take up arms and overthrow the Diaz government. Diaz ordered Madero arrested again and he fled to Texas where he formulated the Mexican Revolution.   Within a year, Madero was sworn in as the new president of Mexico when Diaz resigned in accordance with the Treaty of Ciudad Juarez after he routed the federalist army with the assistance of forces rallying behind Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata. Before the year was out, Madero and his vice president would be executed a military junta left in charge of the country because Madero refused to enact the property reforms that he had called for when encouraging the people to revolt.   Madero attempted to moderate between conservatives that wanted to keep the status quo and hard-line revolutionaries like the Zapatistas and in the end had no support at all. For the next six years, Mexico’s leadership was in a constant state of flux with the President Venustiano Carranza, a former revolutionary general who overthrew the previous military leader, chased out of Mexico City for two years of his presidency. Finally, he incorporated many of the extreme viewpoints of the revolutionaries in the Constitution of 1917. The constitution is the basis for the current Mexican government. One of the most important provisions of the constitution was that it forbade foreign investors from owning land in Mexico. The provision still stands. The reason for this proviso was the fact that during the Diaz presidency foreign investors owned the great majority of the land, making profits off the work of the local peasants and that Mexico’s oil fields were largely owned by foreign investors as well. Residents of Mexico wanted the income to remain within the country and nationalized all foreign-owned property. The Constitution also severely limited the power of the Catholic Church which had once been almost completely responsible for the education of people within Mexico. President Alvaro Obregon, who was elected to succeed Carranza after conspiring with those who assassinated his predecessor, tried to accommodate all factions of Mexican society including providing better education sponsored by the state instead of the Church and instituting rights for women. It was a bad time to a politician and Obregon was assassinated by a pro-Catholic gunman. That was in large part the beginning of the rebellion of the Church against the new government. The battles in Mexico continued well beyond the end of the war as the separation between Church and State was painful. Supporters of church supremacy began an uprising called â€Å"la Guerra Cristera† (the war of Christ) and estimates are that nearly a million people died in the battles. The battles between the Church and the government continued until 1929 when an end to the armed conflict was negotiated by the American ambassador. Many believe that the true end of the revolution was not until the presidency of Là ¡zaro Cà ¡rdenas, who ran the country from 1934 to 1940 and was the first president to willingly hand over the reins of the government to his successor.   In the meantime, the spiritual base of the national had been destroyed. In 1935, 17 Mexican states were left without a priest and only 334 licensed priests existed within the entire country. Forty were known to have been executed in the wars and hundreds of others fled the country. The reason: the Constitution of 1917. Under the diplomatic settlement, the anti-clerical provisions of the Constitution still stand. Among its provisions are: Article 5 outlawed monastic religious orders. Article 24 forbade public worship outside of church buildings, while Article 27 restricted religious organizations’ rights to own property. Finally, Article 130 took away basic civil rights of members of the clergy: priests and religious leaders were prevented from wearing their habits, were denied the right to vote, and were not permitted to comment on public affairs in the press. The anti-clerical provisions of the Constitution are not generally enforced since World War II and the church has regained some of its prominence in the hearts of Mexicans, but not returned to prominence in Mexican politics. Other provisions of the new constitution include the right to freedom of the press, but with the caveat that after publication charges related to sedition and libel can be brought if they are warranted.   The constitution restricts where foreigners can own land, restricts who may be considered a citizen of Mexico and prohibits slavery. It also prohibits extradition of Mexican nationals who have committed crimes in other countries if that may result in the death penalty. The constitution specifically assures citizens the right to life and prohibits the death penalty.   The constitution assures the right of Mexican citizens to bear arms, but only those which have been approved by the Mexican National Army.   It is also one of the most progressive constitutions in the world with relation to worker rights. The Constitution provides that any slave brought into Mexico is immediately freed and offered equal protection under the law. Furthermore, workers are guaranteed the right to an eight-hour work day, a day of rest each work week, and a minimum wage. The Constitution prohibits people who are not Mexican by birth from holding most political offices, running the country’s airports or seaport, or being military officers. It also gives preference in hiring to Mexican nationals over foreigners applying for the same job, assuming that both are equally qualified.   Finally, it prohibits several forms of punishment commonly used in the pre-1917 government and outlaws the concept of a debtor’s prison.   Clearly, the biggest difference between the current Mexican government and the pre-1917 government is the treatment of the workers. Because it was the people, the workers who lead the Mexican revolution, the provisions of the new constitution are designed particularly to protect the rights of the worker.   Workers who rallied behind Emiliano Zapata and the other leaders of the revolution abandoned and executed their leaders when they strayed from the principles of land reform and workers right. Six full years before the November Revolution in Russia, the workers of Mexico began a war to assure that they would have the rights that they needed. The revolution was spurred by the harsh treatment of the peasants and lower class in early years and ended only after the people had their rights secured. How to cite The Revolution of 1917: Rights of the Republic, Essay examples

Organizational Behavior Hierarchy of Needs

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Behavior for the Hierarchy of Needs. Answer: 1.a). Introduction In the past century there has been ample research conducted on the relationship between performance of employees and their personalities. The performance of an employee not only depend on the knowhow of the trade but also depends on multiple factors like the initiative they undertake in solving the problem, resourcefulness of that particular employee, best utilization of available resources, time and energy spend in doing a particular task. There are two factors that influence job performance one is situational factors like the nature and characteristic of job coworker etc and another part is the personality factor of individual employees (McShane and Von Glinow 2015). The aim of this report is to test the employees of a reputed pharmaceutical company on the basis of big 5 personalitys traits and to prepare a report on the result. Big Five Personality Theory In 1950 the initial model of personality theory was advanced by Ernest Tupes and Raymond christial based on the work conducted in US Air force Personnel laboratory. Then in 1990 J.M. Digman proposed the five factor model which was implemented at the highest level of organization by Goldman in 1993 (Cobb-Clark and Schurer 2012). The researchers collectively agree that all the personality measures can be grouped according to big 5 personality dimension. This theory is universal and has proven to be relevant across different cultures. The recent research also shows that the bases of these personalities are genetics and they are mostly inherited (Leutner et al. 2014). Five Personality Traits proposed by the theory Traits can be explained as particular pattern of thought, actions or feelings that distinguishes one person from another. The Big Five theory has identified five personality traits that make the overall personality of an individual and they are OCEAN or Openness, Consciousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism (Cred 2012). Openness- A person who is eager to learn new things and are always looking forward to new experiences is considered to be open. The traits like imaginative, insightful and divergent thinking are associated with openness. A person scoring high in this test is generally tolerant towards uncertainty and has the capacity to assimilate information. It is also found that they are more aware of feelings, thoughts and impulses as a result they have much deeper and intense experience. They are generally highly motivated and are comfortable in an unfamiliar and complex terrain. Consciousness- A person with higher level of consciousness are usually more reliable and prompt. A conscious person is more determined, strong willed and purposeful which is reflect in their hard work, carefulness and the ability to plan and organize task appropriately. The characteristics of conscious person are that they are methodical, ordered and thorough. Extraversion- An individual having energetic toward work and social life is termed as Extrovert. They have traits like assertiveness, activity, sociability and positive emotions. The extroverts are easily bored but they get motivated by change, variety and challenges. The recent researches show that extroverts are the hard working, adaptive and ambitious lot among the employees. Agreeableness- An agreeable person is compassionate, cooperative, and friendly. They are always eager to help others and they hope that others will be equally helpful. The traits of agreeable person are that they are affectionate, sympathetic and kind. Neuroticism- It is also referred to as emotional stability. People scoring high on this test often suffer from negative emotion and they are generally moody or tense. The Big 5 Personality test can be very helpful in providing an insight how employees will react to different situation. It is very helpful for an organization to assess the strength and weakness of employees. The objective of the research is to conduct a Big 5 personality on one of the popular pharmaceutical company Sun Pharma pvt ltd and to reflect the result in the report. Research Design In order to achieve the research objective a survey was designed. This design was cross sectional which means sample is drawn from population at a particular point in time (Funder 2015). Research Sample The sample was taken from the company Sun Pharma ltd which is among the top ten Pharma Company in Malaysia. The company has various manufacturing units across Malaysia and has approval of Ministry of health. Among all the employees a total of 159 employees were chosen for the empirical study. Measuring Mechanism In order to measure the personality of individual based on Big 5 theory the NEO Personality Inventory Revised (NEO-PI-R) was used for the purpose. The NEO-PI-R has 240 items and the five personalities are further divided into 6 component. The alpha coefficient of personality dimension of 0,86 suggests openness and 0,92 indicates neuroticism. The job performances of the employees were measured using Performance Appraisal Questionnaire (PAQ). The PAQ primarily measures performance, creativity and management ability with 30 items of questions. The Performance Appraisal Questioner is validly constructed and it is proved by the fact that the factor loading between 0,41 and 0,98 was obtained. Statistical Analysis The SAS program was used to carry out statistical analysis. In order to analyze the result the descriptive statistics like mean, skewness, kurtosis and standard deviation were used. Analysis of the Result The result of product moment correlation shows that there is no relationship between task performances, personality dimensions and creativity. The result is presented in the table below: Table showing moment correlation coefficient between NEO-PI-R and PAQ Items Task Performance Management Creativity Openness 0,13 0,41 0,26 Consciousness 0,05 0,10 0,07 Extraversion 0,17 0,21 0,22 Agreeableness 0,07 0,31 0,10 Neuroticism -0,11 -0,22 -0,31 Table showing the result of Canonical Analysis Particulars Correlation Coefficient Personality dimension set Openness 0,75 0,78 Consciousness 0,35 -0,04 Extraversion 0,51 -0,06 Agreeableness 0,23 -0,05 Neuroticism -0,65 -0,73 Percent of variance 0,02 - Redundancy 0,04 - Performance Set Task Performance 0,42 -0,76 Creativity 0,89 1,49 Percent of variance 0,48 - Redundancy 0,07 Canonical correlation 0,38 The practically significant correlation is 0,30 and as the table shows there are no correlations found between personality dimensions. The result of Canonical analysis however confirms that openness is related to task performance and creativity. It can be seen that an employee who is open to experience are imaginative, sensitive, has a high degree of alertness of inner feelings and has a preference of variety. This all explains the reason behind high score that openness has on performance and creativity at work. The result is in conformity with the findings of the researcher Raudseep and Horton. The test shows that the work performance of an employee is much better than less conscious employees. It is also found that open, stable and agreeable management performs much better than those scored low in this dimension. The finding shows that there is a negative relationship between neuroticism and managerial performance. The managers scoring high on this are unable to cope up with stress ; they have irritational ideas and fail to control their impulses. The sun Pharma has relatively young employees so the managers are require to continuously adapt to the new changes as a result there exists significant relationship between managerial performance and openness to experience. Conclusion In conclusion it can be said that the pharmaceutical company is required to consider the personality dimensions of their work force in order to predict successfully the creativity and managerial performance during career development and selection. It recommended that further research is to be conducted in order to draw a broader conclusion between the job performance and personality dimension. b) Introduction If an individual has the dream of achieving the highest in life then he needs to do some serious planning for life (Pellegrino and Hilton 2013). Life is dynamic and it is continuously changing sometimes for good and sometimes for bad. When the shore of life is continuously crushed by the waves of apathy and hopelessness then a proper plan acts as a light in the midst of darkness. In this essay therefore an attempt is made to plan my career goals and objective in the light of Maslows Theory of Hierarchy of Needs. Career Summary I have a bachelor degree in science from a recognized university and have experience in working as medical representative for a multinational company and currently working in Sun Pharmacy. The responsibility of my work is to increase sales and expand the business in the South western frontier of Malaysia. I have also been given the responsibility to develop an educational program to increase the brand awareness of the company. In this work the depth of my marketing and sales skill were tested which highlighted my ability in the eyes of the senior manager. I was also engaged in developing a strategic initiative with management so that use of the product of the company could be increased. As soon as I joined the company targets were achieved and I secured a salary hike within 3 months of joining. I have adequate knowledge of the latest industry development. The main soft skills that would be helping me in achieving career goals are patience, pleasing personality and the ability to comm unicate well with the physician. Career objectives and goals I have classified my career goals in two parts short term goal and long term goals. The goal that I have includes: To become senior medical representative within 6 months. In two years time to attain to the post of the area sales manager. In 4 year to become the sales manager of the Sun Pharma Company. The long term goal is to become the executive officer of the Sun Pharmacy on or after 5 years time. Maslows Hierarchy of needs The main objective of The Maslows Theory is to understand the reason that motivates an individual. In 1943 Maslow proposed the theory that peoples have certain motivation to achieve their needs (Anderson 2014). If one need is satisfied then the person looks to achieve the next needs and this cycle continues. The wide spread and most popular version of Maslow hierarchy of needs is the Maslow five stage motivational model: Self actualization: It is a self fulfillment needs that one achieve through self actualization. The self actualization is achieved by accomplishing ones own full potential which includes creativity. Esteem Needs: The psychological needs include esteem needs which is associated with reputation and sense of accomplishment. Love needs and belongingness: A good relationship and sense of belonging is a very important psychological need that cannot be ignored (Cao et al. 2013). Safety needs: It is a basic need that is concerned with safety and security of the job. Physiological needs: This are the basic needs like food, water, rest etc without which no other achievement could be satisfying. Connecting Goals with Motivational Theory The basic needs if not fulfilled motivates people to achieve those needs. One can satisfy the basic need by taking one job. A job of any kind will satisfy the basic need. As I already have a good job so this job so the basic needs of food, water etc are satisfied. It is important to note that after lower level of needs is satisfied then one progress to satisfy the higher levels of needs either wise the higher level goals will remain meaningless (Lester 2013). I am currently a medical representative therefore my psychological and safety needs are satisfied. The planned goals that I have include becoming the Executive officer of the Sun Pharmacy. It shows that a sense of belonging and love needs are satisfied as there is a strong bond between employees. As a result my goal is to grow with the company and achieve the highest position of the executive. It is my goal to achieve the promotional objective that I set for myself in order to satisfy the psychological needs of self esteem. It is important to maintain self esteem in order to achieve the highest goal. The achievement of the goal of area sales manager will help me maintain the self esteem and then further development of goals will be possible. The ultimate self actualization goal will be achieved when the career goal of becoming the Sales Manager within 4 years and the ultimate goal of becoming the Executive officer on or after 5 years is achieved. Then at this level full potential will be achieved thus satisfying the self fulfillment needs (Jerome 2013). Conclusion The essay shows that Maslows theory is very helpful in achieving and fulfilling the career goals of life. Reference Anderson, A., 2014. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.The Prairie Light Review,36(2), p.7. 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